A rendering image of the Seoul Unicorn Startup Hub facility to be built in Seongsu-dong by around 2030
Early-stage startup fundings have plummeted in South Korea as venture capitalists shifted to late-stage venture firms with stable business models amid the drought in venture capital funding, leading would-be startup builders to seek jobs at Big Tech companies.
Seed fundings in domestic startups contracted to 76.5 billion won ($55.2 million) in the first half of this year, down sharply from 129.8 billion won in the same period of last year, according to The VC, a venture capital industry tracker.
That compared with 206.4 billion won funneled into domestic startups for seed money in the first half of 2022.
Investments in seed-funding rounds for venture firms plunged to 163 cases in the January-June period, from 286 in the year-earlier period. In the first half of 2022, seeding fundings for South Korean startups stood at 457 cases.
The size of seed funding has shrunk, as well. AIZ Entertainment, an AI-based platform, was the only domestic startup that raised over 10 billion won for seed money in the first half of this year.
The company, founded in late 2023 by Namkoong Whon, former chief executive of Kakao Corp., aims to create fandom for entertainment content. It attracted 16.0 billion won, the biggest seed funding a Korean startup raised in the first half of this year.
Namkoong Whon launched AIZ Entertainment soon after leaving Kakao Corp. in late 2023
That compared with the 13.3 billion won that The Origin had raised in the same period of 2023, one of big seed investments in a domestic startup last year.
The Origin manages intellectual property rights for content creators and their adaptation into different platforms.
In the same period of 2022, ISKRA, a Korea blockchain-based gaming developer, received 42.0 billion won in seed funding.
Venture capital industry watchers said that startup investors are prioritizing exits over early-stage investments after raising their exposure to fledgling venture companies in their boom years.
Fundings for domestic startups in seed and series A rounds have declined to 926.4 billion won in the first half of this year, compared with 1.28 trillion won a year before.
Those early-stage startup fundings took up 76% of total venture capital fundings raised in the country in the first half of this year, down from around 80% each in 2022 and 2023.
(Graphics by Dongbeom Yun)
“There are growing concerns that the venture ecosystem will shrink as initial investments, once called the ‘flower of venture investment’, are slowing down,” said a venture capitalist.
“In the past, there were many cases of starting a business after seeing a senior or colleague grow it into a unicorn company, but now there is no clear role model.”
DEARTH OF INVESTMENT TARGETS
Some venture capitalists blame a dearth of startups for a drop in early-stage startup investments.
“There are no college students willing to start a business, so we have to chase them down and encourage them to start a business,” said a venture capital company official.
Behind the drop in startup building is rapid technology advancement particularly in the fields of AI and robotics that would start-up builders find difficult to catch up with.
In the online platforms area already dominated by existing players, there is also little space to squeeze in.
“Pessimism is spreading that even startups with good ideas will find it difficult to survive in the current environment,” the startup investor added.
D.Camp, operated by the Banks Foundation for Young Entrepreneurs, hosts a demo day every month
Still, venture capital companies are aggressive in hunting for early-stage startups.
Kakao Ventures Corp. has built a system that automatically detects the usage of its app designed for new startup builders and notify it to its investment team.
The venture capital arm of South Korea’s top mobile platform Kakao Corp. also doesn’t bother visiting US college campuses in search of startups even in their pilot stages and monitoring job postings for venture firms.
Future Play, a Korea early-stage startup investor, is actively participating in startup competitions held at universities at home and abroad.
Startup accelerator D.Camp, founded by Korean financial institutions, hosts a demo day every month to pick startups with innovative business models.
According to Starup Alliance Korea’s recent survey of startup employees, 47.2% of the respondents said they were willing to start their own business, compared with the 58.0% in 2022.
Among job seekers polled by the startup data provider, 45.5% of the respondents expressed their interest in setting up a company in 2023, down from 51.0% in 2022.
By Eun-Yi Ko
koko@hankyung.com
Yeonhee Kim edited this article
